How do you maintain a cold chain system?

Refrigerators and Freezers At least 50% of the space needs to be filled at all times to allow for adequate circulation of cold air, and to stabilize the refrigerator temperature. [Vaccines should be maintained with the recommended temperature range of 35°F (2°C) to 45°F (8°C)].

What is the equipment used to maintain the cold chain?

The common cold chain equipment used in Health Posts are refrigerators, cold boxes, vaccine carriers, ice-packs and foam pads.

What is the importance of cold chain maintenance?

Similarly, cold chain equipment (CCE) used to keep vaccines at an optimum temperature range of 2-8°C, needs regular preventive maintenance. This is absolutely necessary to keep the equipment functioning optimally, to maintain the vaccine's quality and effectiveness against disease, and to save lives.09-Mar-2021

What is the temperature for maintaining cold chain?

In pharmaceutical and biotech logistics, cold chain temperature management requires maintenance of drugs, samples, vaccines, etc. at temperatures between +2°C and +8°C (+35.62°F to +48.4°F) from the time manufactured until final administration or use.

How do pharmacists maintain cold chains?

Preparation of Cooler Boxes/Passive Containers and Ice Packs Clean and disinfect cooler boxes/passive containers before and after use. Store ice packs in the freezer for contingencies and use conditioned ice packs for transportation of the vaccines.

What is ILR in cold chain?

Ice-lined refrigerator (ILR)

Is BCG stored in freezer?

BCG storage BCG vaccine can be also affected and damaged by heat and light, so it should be stored between +2°C and +8°C. The vaccine powder may be frozen for long-term storage, but the diluent and the reconstituted vaccine must never be frozen.

At what temperature are vaccines stored?

The vast majority of vaccines should be stored at between 2-8⁰C in a refrigerator, with a preferred average of 5⁰C, though some should remain frozen in a range between -15 to -50⁰C.

What Is a VVM?

Overview. VVMs are small indicators that adhere to vaccine vials and change colour as the vaccine is exposed to cumulative heat, letting health workers know whether the vaccine has exceeded a pre-set limit beyond which the vaccine should not be used.

How many types of cold chains are there?

Cold chain packaging systems are designed to maintain sensitive products at the correct temperature (i.e. cold, warm, frozen, etc). There are three basic types of cold chain packaging systems available: active, passive and hybrid.05-Sept-2022

What is cold chain process?

The cold chain process is a logistics management process for perishable products that need refrigerated temperatures to maintain quality and safety from end to end. It involves performing a chain of tasks to prepare, store, and transport products in the cold supply chain.07-Sept-2021

What is the first step in the cold chain?

Steps in the Cold Supply Chain

Growth or Manufacturing. First, farmers grow their crops.
Precooling. After harvest, the first active step in the cold supply chain is precooling the product.
Storage. When the product is waiting for transport, it's stored for some time in warehouses.
Refrigerated Transportation.

What is the cold chain policy?

The cold-chain is a term used to describe the specific temperature conditions in which vaccines should be kept during storage and distribution to protect against loss of potency. For licensure purposes, vaccine manufacturers have to provide a recommended storage temperature range.

Which vaccine is heat sensitive?

Adsorbed diphtheria and tetanus toxoids are the most stable of the vaccines commonly used in UIP and OPV is the most sensitive to heat.

Where is BCG stored?

The intact vials of BCG VACCINE should be stored refrigerated at 2–8°C (36–46°F). This agent contains live bacteria and should be protected from direct sunlight.

Who is cold chain management?

The cold chain is a set of rules and procedures that ensure the proper storage and distribution of vaccines to health services from the national to the local level. The cold chain is interconnected with refrigeration equipment that allows vaccines to be stored at recommended temperatures to maintain their potency.

Who is responsible for following and maintaining cold chain recommendations and policies?

Maintaining the cold chain is important to ensure that effective and potent vaccines are administered to patients. Immunisation providers are responsible for ensuring all staff are trained in vaccine storage and cold chain management.

How long can a vaccine be out of the fridge?

Once reconstituted it must be used within 12 hours. Once at room temperature, Moderna vaccine must be used within 24 hours and cannot go back into the freezer. It can be placed back in the refrigerator as long as the cumulative time does not exceed 24 hours at temperatures between 8⁰C and 25⁰C.

What temperature is a deep freezer?

0 degrees Fahrenheit

Which vaccines are freeze sensitive?

Exposure to freezing temperatures (< 0 °C) is equally damaging for the freeze-sensitive vaccines like diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPTDPTThe DPT vaccine or DTP vaccine is a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and either killed whole cells of the bacterium that causes pertussis or pertussis antigens.https://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › DPT_vaccineDPT vaccine - Wikipedia), liquid pentavalent vaccine (LPV), tetanus toxoid (TT), hepatitis A and B, human papillomavirus (HPV), meningitis C, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), cholera, influenza, 03-Jun-2020